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Concussion (Head Injury)

• Headache
• Loss of consciousness
• Amnesia or loss of memory
• Loss of balance and coordination
• Confusion and/or dizziness
• Ringing in the ears
• Nausea and/or throwing up
• Feeling tired

• Grade 1 (mild) - A grade 1 concussion is when there is no loss of consciousness and symptoms last for less than 15 minutes.
• Grade 2 (moderate) - A grade 2 concussion is when there is no loss of consciousness and symptoms last for more than 15 minutes.
• Grade 3 (severe) - A grade 3 concussion is when there is a loss of consciousness.

• Rest - One of the most important treatments is rest: both physical rest and mental rest.
• Physical Rest - This means getting plenty of sleep and not doing heavy physical activity.
• Mental Rest - The patient should take a break from activities that require mental concentration. This includes taking tests, long homework sessions, using a computer, texting, watching TV, and playing video games.
• Break from sports - Take a break from sports, especially physical sports. Another concussion could cause severe complications. Avoid any activity where you might take another blow to the head.
• Medicine - Avoid taking any medicine that is not specifically approved by your doctor. Some medicines (such as aspirin) could make the condition worse.

• Protective headgear - One of the most important ways to protect your head from concussion is to wear protective headgear while doing any sort of contact sport or high speed sport. This includes activities such as football, hockey, skateboarding, bicycling, and rollerblading.
• Wear your seatbelt - Concussions often happen during traffic accidents. Wearing your seatbelt can help to prevent injuries during a car crash.
• Diving - Don't dive into shallow water or bodies of water where you can't see the bottom.

• Sometimes a concussion is referred to as an MTBI which stands for mild traumatic brain injury.
• Around 10% of concussions that occur during sports involve a loss of consciousness.
• The most dangerous sport for concussions is football where around 75% of the athletes get concussions.
• If a person has had one concussion they are 1 to 2 times more likely to get a second one.
• The CDC estimates that around 1.7 million concussions occur each year.

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