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Cell Ribosome

• Large subunit - The large subunit contains the site where new bonds are made when creating proteins. It is called the "60S" in eukaryotic cells and the "50S" in prokaryotic cells.
• Small subunit - The small subunit really isn't that small, just a bit smaller than the large subunit. It is responsible for the flow of information during protein synthesis. It is called the "40S" in eukaryotic cells and the "50S" in prokaryotic cells.

• The two subunits join together with the messenger RNA.
• The ribosome finds the correct starter place on the RNA called the codon.
• The ribosome moves down the RNA, reading the instructions on what amino acids to attach to the protein. Every three letters on the RNA represents a new amino acid.
• The ribosome attaches amino acids building up the protein.
• It stops building the protein when it reaches a "stop" code in the RNA telling it that the protein is ready.

• The "rib" in ribosome comes from ribonucleic acid (RNA) which provides the instructions on making proteins.
• They are made inside the nucleolus of the nucleus. Once they are ready they are sent outside the nucleus through pores in the nucleus' membrane.
• Ribosomes are different from most organelles in that they are not surrounded by a protective membrane.
• The ribosome was discovered in 1974 by Albert Claude, Christian de Duve, and George Emil Palade. They won the Nobel Prize for their discovery.

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